Define the Wronskian W(x) associated with solutions of the equation
dx2d2y+p(x)dxdy+q(x)y=0
and show that
W(x)∝exp(−∫xp(ξ)dξ).
Evaluate the expression on the right when p(x)=−2/x.
Given that p(x)=−2/x and that q(x)=−1, show that solutions in the form of power series,
y=xλn=0∑∞anxn(a0=0)
can be found if and only if λ=0 or 3 . By constructing and solving the appropriate recurrence relations, find the coefficients an for each power series.
You may assume that the equation is satisfied by y=coshx−xsinhx and by y=sinhx−xcoshx. Verify that these two solutions agree with the two power series found previously, and that they give the W(x) found previously, up to multiplicative constants.
[Hint: coshx=1+2!x2+4!x4+…,sinhx=x+3!x3+5!x5+….]