4.I.6C

Methods
Part IB, 2004

Chebyshev polynomials Tn(x)T_{n}(x) satisfy the differential equation

(1x2)yxy+n2y=0 on [1,1],\left(1-x^{2}\right) y^{\prime \prime}-x y^{\prime}+n^{2} y=0 \quad \text { on } \quad[-1,1],

where nn is an integer.

Recast this equation into Sturm-Liouville form and hence write down the orthogonality relationship between Tn(x)T_{n}(x) and Tm(x)T_{m}(x) for nmn \neq m.

By writing x=cosθx=\cos \theta, or otherwise, show that the polynomial solutions of ( \dagger ) are proportional to cos(ncos1x)\cos \left(n \cos ^{-1} x\right).