4.II.18E

Fluid Dynamics
Part IB, 2005

A fluid of density ρ1\rho_{1} occupies the region z>0z>0 and a second fluid of density ρ2\rho_{2} occupies the region z<0z<0. State the equations and boundary conditions that are satisfied by the corresponding velocity potentials ϕ1\phi_{1} and ϕ2\phi_{2} and pressures p1p_{1} and p2p_{2} when the system is perturbed so that the interface is at z=ζ(x,t)z=\zeta(x, t) and the motion is irrotational.

Seek a set of linearised equations and boundary conditions when the disturbances are proportional to ei(kxωt)e^{i(k x-\omega t)}, and derive the dispersion relation

ω2=ρ2ρ1ρ2+ρ1gk,\omega^{2}=\frac{\rho_{2}-\rho_{1}}{\rho_{2}+\rho_{1}} g k,

where gg is the gravitational acceleration.