Paper 2, Section I, B

Mathematical Methods
Part IB, 2009

Expand f(x)=x,0<x<πf(x)=x, 0<x<\pi, as a half-range sine series.

By integrating the series show that a Fourier cosine series for x2,0<x<πx^{2}, 0<x<\pi, can be written as

x2=a02+n=1ancosnxx^{2}=\frac{a_{0}}{2}+\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} a_{n} \cos n x

where an,n=1,2,a_{n}, n=1,2, \ldots, should be determined and

a0=8n=1(1)n1n2a_{0}=8 \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{(-1)^{n-1}}{n^{2}}

By evaluating a0a_{0} another way show that

n=1(1)n1n2=π212\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{(-1)^{n-1}}{n^{2}}=\frac{\pi^{2}}{12}