Paper 1, Section II, E

Analysis II
Part IB, 2011

What is meant by saying that a sequence of functions fnf_{n} converges uniformly to a function ff ?

Let fnf_{n} be a sequence of differentiable functions on [a,b][a, b] with fnf_{n}^{\prime} continuous and such that fn(x0)f_{n}\left(x_{0}\right) converges for some point x0[a,b]x_{0} \in[a, b]. Assume in addition that fnf_{n}^{\prime} converges uniformly on [a,b][a, b]. Prove that fnf_{n} converges uniformly to a differentiable function ff on [a,b][a, b] and f(x)=limnfn(x)f^{\prime}(x)=\lim _{n \rightarrow \infty} f_{n}^{\prime}(x) for all x[a,b]x \in[a, b]. [You may assume that the uniform limit of continuous functions is continuous.]

Show that the series

ζ(s)=n=11ns\zeta(s)=\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n^{s}}

converges for s>1s>1 and is uniformly convergent on [1+ε,)[1+\varepsilon, \infty) for any ε>0\varepsilon>0. Show that ζ(s)\zeta(s) is differentiable on (1,)(1, \infty) and

ζ(s)=n=2lognns\zeta^{\prime}(s)=-\sum_{n=2}^{\infty} \frac{\log n}{n^{s}}

[You may use the Weierstrass MM-test provided it is clearly stated.]