Paper 1, Section II, C

Quantum Mechanics
Part IB, 2011

For a quantum mechanical particle moving freely on a circle of length 2π2 \pi, the wavefunction ψ(t,x)\psi(t, x) satisfies the Schrödinger equation

iψt=22m2ψx2i \hbar \frac{\partial \psi}{\partial t}=-\frac{\hbar^{2}}{2 m} \frac{\partial^{2} \psi}{\partial x^{2}}

on the interval 0x2π0 \leqslant x \leqslant 2 \pi, and also the periodicity conditions ψ(t,2π)=ψ(t,0)\psi(t, 2 \pi)=\psi(t, 0), and ψx(t,2π)=ψx(t,0)\frac{\partial \psi}{\partial x}(t, 2 \pi)=\frac{\partial \psi}{\partial x}(t, 0). Find the allowed energy levels of the particle, and their degeneracies.

The current is defined as

j=i2m(ψψxψψx)j=\frac{i \hbar}{2 m}\left(\psi{\frac{\partial \psi^{*}}{\partial x}}^{*}-\psi^{*} \frac{\partial \psi}{\partial x}\right)

where ψ\psi is a normalized state. Write down the general normalized state of the particle when it has energy 22/m2 \hbar^{2} / m, and show that in any such state the current jj is independent of xx and tt. Find a state with this energy for which the current has its maximum positive value, and find a state with this energy for which the current vanishes.