Paper 3, Section II, F

Geometry
Part IB, 2015

Let T:CCT: \mathbb{C}_{\infty} \rightarrow \mathbb{C}_{\infty} be a Möbius transformation on the Riemann sphere C\mathbb{C}_{\infty}.

(i) Show that TT has either one or two fixed points.

(ii) Show that if TT is a Möbius transformation corresponding to (under stereographic projection) a rotation of S2S^{2} through some fixed non-zero angle, then TT has two fixed points, z1,z2z_{1}, z_{2}, with z2=1/zˉ1z_{2}=-1 / \bar{z}_{1}.

(iii) Suppose TT has two fixed points z1,z2z_{1}, z_{2} with z2=1/zˉ1z_{2}=-1 / \bar{z}_{1}. Show that either TT corresponds to a rotation as in (ii), or one of the fixed points, say z1z_{1}, is attractive, i.e. Tnzz1T^{n} z \rightarrow z_{1} as nn \rightarrow \infty for any zz2z \neq z_{2}.