Paper 4 , Section I, 7C7 \mathrm{C}

Electromagnetism
Part IB, 2017

A thin wire, in the form of a closed curve CC, carries a constant current II. Using either the Biot-Savart law or the magnetic vector potential, show that the magnetic field far from the loop is of the approximate form

B(r)μ04π[3(mr)rmr2r5]\mathbf{B}(\mathbf{r}) \approx \frac{\mu_{0}}{4 \pi}\left[\frac{3(\mathbf{m} \cdot \mathbf{r}) \mathbf{r}-\mathbf{m}|\mathbf{r}|^{2}}{|\mathbf{r}|^{5}}\right]

where m\mathbf{m} is the magnetic dipole moment of the loop. Derive an expression for m\mathbf{m} in terms of II and the vector area spanned by the curve CC.