Paper 2, Section I, E

Linear Algebra
Part IB, 2018

Let VV be a real vector space. Define the dual vector space VV^{*} of VV. If UU is a subspace of VV, define the annihilator U0U^{0} of UU. If x1,x2,,xnx_{1}, x_{2}, \ldots, x_{n} is a basis for VV, define its dual x1,x2,,xnx_{1}^{*}, x_{2}^{*}, \ldots, x_{n}^{*} and prove that it is a basis for VV^{*}.

If VV has basis x1,x2,x3,x4x_{1}, x_{2}, x_{3}, x_{4} and UU is the subspace spanned by

x1+2x2+3x3+4x4 and 5x1+6x2+7x3+8x4,x_{1}+2 x_{2}+3 x_{3}+4 x_{4} \quad \text { and } \quad 5 x_{1}+6 x_{2}+7 x_{3}+8 x_{4},

give a basis for U0U^{0} in terms of the dual basis x1,x2,x3,x4x_{1}^{*}, x_{2}^{*}, x_{3}^{*}, x_{4}^{*}.