A3.7

Geometry of Surfaces
Part II, 2004

(i) The catenoid is the surface CC in Euclidean R3\mathbb{R}^{3}, with co-ordinates x,y,zx, y, z and Riemannian metric ds2=dx2+dy2+dz2d s^{2}=d x^{2}+d y^{2}+d z^{2} obtained by rotating the curve y=coshxy=\cosh x about the xx-axis, while the helicoid is the surface HH swept out by a line which lies along the xx-axis at time t=0t=0, and at time t=t0t=t_{0} is perpendicular to the zz-axis, passes through the point (0,0,t0)\left(0,0, t_{0}\right) and makes an angle t0t_{0} with the xx-axis.

Find co-ordinates on each of CC and HH and write x,y,zx, y, z in terms of these co-ordinates.

(ii) Compute the induced Riemannian metrics on CC and HH in terms of suitable coordinates. Show that HH and CC are locally isometric. By considering the xx-axis in HH, show that this local isometry cannot be extended to a rigid motion of any open subset of Euclidean R3\mathbb{R}^{3}.