B4.7

Hilbert Spaces
Part II, 2004

Suppose that TT is a bounded linear operator on an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space HH, and that T(x),x\langle T(x), x\rangle is real and non-negative for each xHx \in H.

(a) Show that TT is Hermitian.

(b) Let w(T)=sup{T(x),x:x=1}w(T)=\sup \{\langle T(x), x\rangle:\|x\|=1\}. Show that

T(x)2w(T)T(x),x for each xH\|T(x)\|^{2} \leqslant w(T)\langle T(x), x\rangle \quad \text { for each } x \in H

(c) Show that T\|T\| is an approximate eigenvalue for TT.

Suppose in addition that TT is compact and injective.

(d) Show that T\|T\| is an eigenvalue for TT, with finite-dimensional eigenspace.

Explain how this result can be used to diagonalise TT.