4.II.18H

Galois Theory
Part II, 2008

Let L=C(z)L=\mathbf{C}(z) be the function field in one variable, n>0n>0 an integer, and ζn=e2πi/n\zeta_{n}=e^{2 \pi i / n}.

Define σ,τ:LL\sigma, \tau: L \rightarrow L by the formulae

(σf)(z)=f(ζnz),(τf)(z)=f(1/z),(\sigma f)(z)=f\left(\zeta_{n} z\right), \quad(\tau f)(z)=f(1 / z),

and let G=σ,τG=\langle\sigma, \tau\rangle be the group generated by σ\sigma and τ\tau.

(i) Find wC(z)w \in \mathbf{C}(z) such that LG=C(w)L^{G}=\mathbf{C}(w).

[You must justify your answer, stating clearly any theorems you use.]

(ii) Suppose nn is an odd prime. Determine the subgroups of GG and the corresponding intermediate subfields MM, with C(w)ML\mathbf{C}(w) \subseteq M \subseteq L.

State which intermediate subfields MM are Galois extensions of C(w)\mathbf{C}(w), and for these extensions determine the Galois group.