Paper 4, Section I, G

Number Theory
Part II, 2010

Let pp be a prime number, and put

ak=kp,Nk=akp1(k=1,2,)a_{k}=k p, \quad N_{k}=a_{k}^{p}-1 \quad(k=1,2, \ldots)

Prove that aka_{k} has exact order pp modulo NkN_{k} for all k1k \geqslant 1, and deduce that NkN_{k} must be divisible by a prime qq with q1(modp)q \equiv 1 \quad(\bmod p). By making a suitable choice of kk, prove that there are infinitely many primes qq with q1(modp)q \equiv 1 \quad(\bmod p).