Paper 1, Section II, G

Geometry and Groups
Part II, 2011

Prove that a group of Möbius transformations is discrete if, and only if, it acts discontinuously on hyperbolic 3 -space.

Let GG be the set of Möbius transformations zaz+bcz+dz \mapsto \frac{a z+b}{c z+d} with

a,b,c,dZ[i]={u+iv:u,vZ} and adbc=1a, b, c, d \in \mathbb{Z}[i]=\{u+i v: u, v \in \mathbb{Z}\} \quad \text { and } \quad a d-b c=1

Show that GG is a group and that it acts discontinuously on hyperbolic 3-space. Show that GG contains transformations that are elliptic, parabolic, hyperbolic and loxodromic.