Paper 3, Section II, G

Algebraic Topology
Part II, 2012

State the Mayer-Vietoris Theorem for a simplicial complex KK expressed as the union of two subcomplexes LL and MM. Explain briefly how the connecting homomorphism δ:Hn(K)Hn1(LM)\delta_{*}: H_{n}(K) \rightarrow H_{n-1}(L \cap M), which appears in the theorem, is defined. [You should include a proof that δ\delta_{*} is well-defined, but need not verify that it is a homomorphism.]

Now suppose that KS3|K| \cong S^{3}, that L|L| is a solid torus S1×B2S^{1} \times B^{2}, and that LM|L \cap M| is the boundary torus of L|L|. Show that δ:H3(K)H2(LM)\delta_{*}: H_{3}(K) \rightarrow H_{2}(L \cap M) is an isomorphism, and hence calculate the homology groups of MM. [You may assume that a generator of H3(K)H_{3}(K) may be represented by a 3 -cycle which is the sum of all the 3 -simplices of KK, with 'matching' orientations.]