Paper 3, Section II, I

Riemann Surfaces
Part II, 2013

Let Λ=Z+Zλ\Lambda=\mathbb{Z}+\mathbb{Z} \lambda be a lattice in C\mathbb{C} where Im(λ)>0\operatorname{Im}(\lambda)>0, and let XX be the complex torus C/Λ.\mathbb{C} / \Lambda .

(i) Give the definition of an elliptic function with respect to Λ\Lambda. Show that there is a bijection between the set of elliptic functions with respect to Λ\Lambda and the set of holomorphic maps from XX to the Riemann sphere. Next, show that if ff is an elliptic function with respect to Λ\Lambda and f1{}=f^{-1}\{\infty\}=\emptyset, then ff is constant.

(ii) Assume that

f(z)=1z2+ωΛ\{0}(1(zω)21ω2)f(z)=\frac{1}{z^{2}}+\sum_{\omega \in \Lambda \backslash\{0\}}\left(\frac{1}{(z-\omega)^{2}}-\frac{1}{\omega^{2}}\right)

defines a meromorphic function on C\mathbb{C}, where the sum converges uniformly on compact subsets of C\Λ\mathbb{C} \backslash \Lambda. Show that ff is an elliptic function with respect to Λ\Lambda. Calculate the order of ff.

Let gg be an elliptic function with respect to Λ\Lambda on C\mathbb{C}, which is holomorphic on C\Λ\mathbb{C} \backslash \Lambda and whose only zeroes in the closed parallelogram with vertices {0,1,λ,λ+1}\{0,1, \lambda, \lambda+1\} are simple zeroes at the points {12,λ2,12+λ2}\left\{\frac{1}{2}, \frac{\lambda}{2}, \frac{1}{2}+\frac{\lambda}{2}\right\}. Show that gg is a non-zero constant multiple of ff^{\prime}.