Paper 4, Section I, I

Number Theory
Part II, 2013

Let s=σ+its=\sigma+i t with σ,tR\sigma, t \in \mathbb{R}. Define the Riemann zeta function ζ(s)\zeta(s) for σ>1\sigma>1. Show that for σ>1\sigma>1,

ζ(s)=p(1ps)1\zeta(s)=\prod_{p}\left(1-p^{-s}\right)^{-1}

where the product is taken over all primes. Deduce that there are infinitely many primes.