Paper 2, Section I, F

Geometry and Groups
Part II, 2014

Let g,hg, h be non-identity Möbius transformations. Prove that gg and hh commute if and only if one of the following holds:

  1. Fix(g)=Fix(h)\operatorname{Fix}(g)=\operatorname{Fix}(h);

  2. g,hg, h are involutions each of which exchanges the other's fixed points.

Give an example to show that the second case can occur.