Paper 3, Section II, B

Further Complex Methods
Part II, 2015

Define what is meant by the Cauchy principal value in the particular case

Pcosxx2a2dx\mathcal{P} \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} \frac{\cos x}{x^{2}-a^{2}} d x

where the constant aa is real and strictly positive. Evaluate this expression explicitly, stating clearly any standard results involving contour integrals that you use.