Paper 2, Section II, J

Probability and Measure
Part II, 2016

(a) State Jensen's inequality. Give the definition of Lp\|\cdot\|_{L^{p}} and the space LpL^{p} for 1<p<1<p<\infty. If fgLp=0\|f-g\|_{L^{p}}=0, is it true that f=gf=g ? Justify your answer. State and prove Hölder's inequality using Jensen's inequality.

(b) Suppose that (E,E,μ)(E, \mathcal{E}, \mu) is a finite measure space. Show that if 1<q<p1<q<p and fLp(E)f \in L^{p}(E) then fLq(E)f \in L^{q}(E). Give the definition of L\|\cdot\|_{L^{\infty}} and show that fLpfL\|f\|_{L^{p}} \rightarrow\|f\|_{L^{\infty}} as pp \rightarrow \infty.

(c) Suppose that 1<q<p<1<q<p<\infty. Show that if ff belongs to both Lp(R)L^{p}(\mathbb{R}) and Lq(R)L^{q}(\mathbb{R}), then fLr(R)f \in L^{r}(\mathbb{R}) for any r[q,p]r \in[q, p]. If fLp(R)f \in L^{p}(\mathbb{R}), must we have fLq(R)f \in L^{q}(\mathbb{R}) ? Give a proof or a counterexample.