Paper 4, Section I, F

Topics In Analysis
Part II, 2017

If x(0,1]x \in(0,1], set

x=1N(x)+T(x)x=\frac{1}{N(x)+T(x)}

where N(x)N(x) is an integer and 1>T(x)01>T(x) \geqslant 0. Let N(0)=T(0)=0N(0)=T(0)=0.

If xx is also irrational, write down the continued fraction expansion in terms of NTj(x)(N T^{j}(x)\left(\right. where NT0(x)=N(x))\left.N T^{0}(x)=N(x)\right).

Let XX be a random variable taking values in [0,1][0,1] with probability density function

f(x)=1(log2)(1+x)f(x)=\frac{1}{(\log 2)(1+x)}

Show that T(X)T(X) has the same distribution as XX.